LAST UPDATED: 12JUN2005__________________________________ Quick sublinks _______________________________
- OCEANIA (here) - FAR EAST - MIDDLE EAST
- INDIAN SUBCONTINENT - CENTRAL ASIA
OCEANIA
NEW ZEALAND
- 3.600.000 inhab.
- Usual statistics: 22-26-31% Anglican, 16% Presbyterian, 15-20% Catholic,
5% Methodist...
- Data: In 1996, with self identifications, the 17.4% answered Anglican,
1.5% Baptist, 1.1% Mormon, 3.3%
Methodist, 1.9% Pentecostal, 12.6% Presbyterian, 13% Catholic (= 50.5%
Christian). In the census appears
57% Christian, 24.7% No religious, 12.4% Unknown.
- Abortions: 16.4, Ratio 19.1%.
- New statistic: 10% Atheist, 16% Agnostic, 2% Pseudoatheist, 16% Deist,
12% New Age; 11% Neodoukhobor
(perhaps, according with the near Australia), 30% usual and dogmatic Christianity
(Catholic - 5%, Anglican and
protestant churches 25%...).
AUSTRALIA
- 18.300.000 inhab.
- Usual statistics: 22-28% Anglican, 27-30% Catholic, 21-23% other Christian,
other religions, etc.
- Data: The University of Michigan says that 16% practicing weekly. Newspoll,
1995: 81% for legalize the
euthanasia. In a Kador's study of 1987 shows the differences between 1960
and 1983 of the monthly practice (min.),
among the anglicans: from the 31% at the 14%, among the United Church of
Australia; from the 44% at the 22%, and
among Catholics, from the 69 at the 44. Australian Values Survey 1998:
4.5% declare to be atheist, 60% give a
importance equal or superior to 6 in a scale comprehended from 1 to 10
for god; the 66% pray occasionally or with
more frequency, there is a 27% practicing one time at month min.
There are the Saulwick Research polls of 1993-94: The religion has very,
quite, little or none importance to you ?
The answers were 26 - 39 - 19 - 14.5 percent. The regular churchgoers were
a 22.3%. In beliefs: in god, 74% yes, 7%
don't know and 19.5% no; in the telepathy the affirmative answers were
the 39.5%; in reincarnation 20% yes with a
6% what don't know; in another life after this 45.5% yes - 6.5% don't know
- 48% no.
NOTE: In the ISSP '98 survey, in the beliefs' issue, Australia differed
with another possible answer: yes, surely +
yes, probably + mixed between + no, probably + no, surely. The percents
that answered to believe in a mix, were a
10.5% for life after death; a 13.6% for Heaven; and a 16.2% for Hell.
The Roy Morgan company surveyed Australians' beliefs about homosexuality;
for a 36% it is immoral, where for a 59%
it is not so. [Survey #3429 of august 2001]. The Survey of Social Attitudes
2003 found a 73% with religious affiliation:
24% Catholics; 24% Anglicans; 14.5% Protestants (Baptists, Presbyterians,
Methodists, etc.); 1.5% Buddhists, 0.5%
Muslims; 7% with other religion. The religious practice was for a 15.5%
weekly, and for a 6% monthly. It was questioned
abortion issues, so that a 81% agreed or strongly agreed that a woman can
choose to abort, where a 9.5% was contrary
(disagreed or disagreed strongly). There are no big differences on this
issue neither between states, nor in rural-urban ambits,
but there is a significant gap among Baptists and Presbyterians because
half of its members are contrary to abortion.
There was a 2% who recognized to be Gay/Lesbian/Bisexual. Saulwick Poll
conducted in november 2003 a poll related to
beliefs, so that 74% believe in God (a 20% don't believe); a 45.5% think
that there is a life after death, and even that there
is reincarnation (20%).
- Abortions: 22.2, Ratio 26.4%.
- New statistic: 8% Atheist, 20% Agnostic, 29% Deist, 6% Pseudoatheist,
12% with some fashion of no usual
christianity (with reincarnation...), a 25% "orthodox" Christian (Catholic,
Anglican, Protestant: one third to each one),
2% others.
PAPUA NEW GUINEA
- 4.400.000 inhabitants
- Usual statistics: 58.5% Protestant with a 5.5% as Anglican, 33% Catholic,
2.5% Animist.
- Data: Nominal Christians continue with the Animist practices.
MIDDLE EAST
LEBANON
- 4.100.000 inhabitants.
- Statistics: 30-41% Christian (4% Orthodox Armenian, 13% Greek Orthodox,
24% Meronite - Catholic), 41-60% Muslim,
7-10% Druzes. // WCE: Christian 53.0% (Roman Catholic 32.5% + Orthodox
16.3% + others 4.5%); Muslims 42.4%;
Nonreligious 3.7%; Atheist 0.9%; other religions 0.2%.
- Sexuality: Extracted from "Growing Up Sexually", and according to the
researches done by Melikian and Prothro in 1967,
41 out of 69 immigrant American Arab Lebaneses have had when young homosexual
intercourses.
TURKEY
- 62.600.000 inhabitants.
- Statistics: 99% Muslim.
- Data: Other than the "usual" Animism and
Maraboutism practiced in Muslim countries, there is Alevism (an heterodox
Islamic sect). Many beliefs and practices commonly held by the Alevis are
very related to the ancient Paulicianism...:
+ Pantheism, they don't see Allah as a god of justice, of punishment or
of reward as in the Koran.
+ Otherwise they recognize the Koran, but as an irrelevant book that should
be read esoterically.
+ They reject the existence of Heaven and Hell, and commonly they adhere
to the reincarnationist belief.
+ Almost no Alevi practices ritual prayer five times a day or goes to a
mosque [cami] for the prayer service at noon
on Fridays. Assemblies [cuma aksamlari, literally, "Friday nights"] have
been traditionally held on Thursday by night
and are conducted with great secrecy in lodges [tekke] inside of particular
houses. The assembly is leaded by a guru
[dede], performing animal sacrifices [kurban], and leading the members
- males and females - when dancing the
"Semah", a dance characterized by turning and swirling, and symbolizing
the putting off of one's self and union
with God (ecstasy). Sins must be confessed at the guru.
+ Avatars: the most important of them would be Ali (from there "Alevism");
he is seen as semi-divine, or even as a
sort of Christian Logos.
+ Existence of innumerable superstitions.
+ The Sufi elitist variance of the Alevism, the Bektashi sect, is usually
antinomian (ideological immoralism) at least
in appearance: due to their most high knowledge, it allows them to don't
follow the Islamic mandates or laws
(Shariah). Also hermetism and initiations are maintained. The most radicals
of them hold the belief that the orthodox
Muslims are in fact devil-worshippers and get the figure of Ali, killed
by the orthodox Muslims, as a flag against them.
Also, they do not recognize Mohammed and do not view the Koran as a perfect
book.
Taking into account all these matters, and due to the absolute secrecy
kept, joint to the obviously concealment of
beliefs from the public, many critical non-Alevis agree on the rumor that
during cem ceremonies held in the evenings,
Alevis extinguish all lights and then commit incestuous and adulterous
orgies [mum söndü]. These rumors are fueled
more if possible with the unions that dedescreate with two matrimonies
for mutual aid... FIGURES: before the abolition
of the Bektashi Order in 1826, annual statistics were kept, and these figures
showed the number of Bektashis to be
7.370.000: seven million being in Anatolia, and 120.000 in Istambul [it
would have meant that almost all Turks were
Alevis]; likewise "The Perennial Dictionary of World Religions"
(Keith CRIM, 1989 - seen in Adherents.com) states that
the number of Muslims affiliated with Sufi brotherhoods during the early
Ottoman period (XVI c.) was certainly not less
than half the population and may have been as high as 80 percent; in White's
book (1913), it is stated that in "Asia Minor,
about one-fourth of the population is Christian [25%, Orthodox Greeks as
well as Monophysite Armenians], and of the
remainder, perhaps a fourth is composed of Shiites or Alevis [19%]"; some
years after, Besim Atalay, delegate of the
Grand National Assembly, writing in 1924 estimated their numbers at 1,500,000;
where Hasluck in "Christianity and
Islam Under the Sultans" (1929) referred that Bektashis themselves claimed
3.000.000 as their total number [around 20%].
Actual estimations by Alevi writers and certain spokespersons claim that
Turkey's population today is one-third
Alevi-Bektashi, or more than 20 million [33%], lower estimates ranging
from 10 to 12 million [20%]. The cipher most
credible would be 17 - 20 millions of an amount of 64.500.000 inhabitants
[around a 28%], according to
the Summer International Linguistics.
Report, Muslims With Two Gods: The day of Hizir prophet (of unknown
identity) is celebrated in Sain George's day, then
he rushes to the aid of people in difficulty and grants peoples’ wishes;
brings health, plenty and wealth. He helps plants to
grow, animals to reproduce, and human beings to grow strong. So that to
make prayers and wishes come true, it is given
alms, it is practiced fasting, and it is offered to him animals as a sacrifice
in some parts of Anatolia, for “the sake of Hizir”.
Such rites are done in wooded places, near sources of water, or near a
tomb or shrine. While white spells aim to produce
beneficial results, black spells are used for evil purposes. In Turkey,
spells [büyü] with invocations to "fairies" or spirits are
generally used to make a man more attached to his wife, or to moderate
his behaviour in some way, or to make
someone love someone else, or to find an object which has been lost, or
to defeat the enemy, or to create a
misunderstanding between two people.
It would be a fact that this Hizir is the same god-like "saint" that is
revered in the Caucas as Saint George (see
Georgia data for more details); so that it seems that the conception of
an ancient pan-Anatolian god of fertility has
survived among Muslims and Christians till today.
- New statistic: 2% Agnostic; 1% Atheist; 9% Deist; 4% Islamic Deist; 26%
Pseudo-Sikh; 28% Alevi (they conceal real
beliefs, and believers in reincarantion increase as less education level);
30% "orthodox" Muslim.
IRAQ
- 21.300.000 inhabitants
- Statistics: 96% Islam.
- Data: The Christians here are related to their etnical compound: some
85000 Armenians, some 70000 Assyrians
and some 370000 Chaldeans that have keept their religion and till certain
degree their old languages (Total 2.2%).
It is clear that the ancient Assyrians and Chaldeans forsook their language
along their religion (Nestorianism)
to adopt Arab and Sunni Islam the first mentioned and Shii Islam the last
mentioned.
ISRAEL
- 5.700.000 inhab (Part Official without Gaza, Golan and Occupied Territories
- Cisjordany).
- Usual statistics: 81% Jewish, 14% Muslim.
- New statistic (picked up from ISSP '91): 25.5% Atheist, 18% Agnostic,
10.5% Deist, 1% Christian, 3% Druse,
9% Muslim, 30% Jewish, with 1/3 practicing (Orthodox).
- New statistic (picked up from ISSP '98): 11% Atheist, 7% Agnostic, 2%
Pseudoatheist, 18% Deist, 10% Muslim, 48%
Jewish, 5% Theist.
- Note: What happens in this country ? The ethnic conflicts promote the
religious radicalism and/or orthodoxy ?
Christianity in the Holy Land: Of the Christian population
in Israel, 107,000 are Arabs and 23,000 non-Arab, many of
whom came to Israel with their Jewish spouses during the waves of immigration
in the 1980s and '90s, mainly from the
former Soviet Union and Ethiopia. The Palestinian Christians living in
the West Bank and Gaza Strip are 51,000, an 1.8
per cent.
INDIAN SUBCONTINENT
INDIA
- Population: 1.011.230.000 inhab.
- Usual Statistics: 80% Hinduist, 11% Muslim, 2.3% Christians, Sikhs &
Others.
- Data: Christianity is not ever so minoritary, there are states with strong
presence, as per example the south states
of Kerala (19.3%) and Goa (29.9%); or as the extreme East states of Meghalaya
(64.3%), Nagaland (87.5%),
Mizoram (85.7%) and Manipur (34.1%). The total amount of Christians living
in these regions represents almost the
half of Christianity in India. The Southern Christians were old Nestorians,
but in the XVI Century, they joined with the
Catholic Church. Ciphers by the Census of India, 1991 (LINK).
- Note: Nobody knows exactly how much Hinduists are today accepting Jesuchrist
in their pantheons, as it happened
in the Roman times.
PAKISTAN
- Population: 133.400.000 inhab.
- Usual statistics: 99% Muslim.
- Data: Gallup surveyed para-Islamic
beliefs, so those believing in Taveez Ganda [Maraboutism]: 52%, in Kala
Jadoo
[Black Magic]: 44% (february 2004). Black magic is performed by sorcers
and witches named "peer" or "pir", "amils"
and "baba jees". They first of all perform an Arab horoscope [zaicha] to
know the client's situation, and then they
by means of spells or charms [totka] try to be assisted by the spirits
[jinns] to have success in their wishes to attach
a man to a woman, or to make bussiness prosper, or to procure a pregnacy,
or to harm client's enemies, or to provoke
infertility, etc. Evil arts in Pakistan seem to be even so public that
in newspapers appear lots of advises related to amils
and "professors". The situation for para-Islamic black magic seems similar
at that to heal among Chilean Mapuches:
it is needed for the "shamans" (the sorcerers), to have the aid of spirits
by means of offers to have success in their works;
where many people logicaly despises the effectivity of black magic, such
art usues of very real elements that after being
considered, are effective. In fact, black magic comes to be a chemical
and pheromonal war. Of course, as happens with
illness, shamans did not/don't know about bacteria, and much less about
chemical composts; so that they believe that
the power to heal, the power to produce illness, the power to rain, and
the power to harm comes from their gods or spirits
who ever are requesting offerings, incense, and animal sacrifices to act.
More informations about sorcery in Pakistan
can be found here.
SRI LANKA - CEYLON
- Population: 18.300.000 inhab.
- Usual Statistics: 70% Buddhist, 16% Hinduist, 8% Islamism, 7% Catholicism.
- Data: Religions are related to ethnic trends, the Cingalese in the south
are Buddhist, where the Tamil in the north are
Hinduist, Catholics are in booth parts. Muslims are descendants of the
Moors. // WCE: Buddhist 68.4%; Hindu 11.3%;
Christian 9.4% (as Roman Catholic the 6.7%, as Independent the 1.8%, as
Protestant the 0.8%); Muslims 9.0%;
Nonreligious 1.8%; Atheist 0.5%; and others the 0.4%.
CENTRAL
ASIA
Former
Sovietic Republics. Please, note how Christianity is related to ethnical
pertinence, and how among Slavs that
religion has the same or minor portion of followers as in Russia today.
KAZAKHSTAN
- 16.400.000 inhab.
- Usual statistics: 50% Muslim, 50% Christian. Ethnicites: 39.7-43.2% Kazak,
36.5-37.8% Russian, 5.4% Ukranian,
a 4.1-5.2% German, 2% Uzbek.
- Data: In statistics appeared in bethany.com: 45.4% Muslim, 24.4% Christian
(mainly Orthodox), 18.4% No religious,
Atheism.
- Abortions: 43.9, Ratio 41.3%.
UZBEKISTAN
- 23.200.000 inhab.
- Usual statistics: Islamism. Races: 14.000.000 uzbek (71.3%), 1.650.000
russian (8.3%), 4.7% Tajik, 4% Kazak,
2.3% Tatar.
- Data: 68.2-74% Muslim, 4.4% Orthodox, 0.2% Catholic, 0.1% Protestant,
21.2-26% Atheist, Nonreligious & Others.
WCE: Muslims 76.2%; Nonreligious 18.1%; Atheist 3.5%; Christian 1.7% (mainly
Orthodox, 0.8%); other religions
with a 0.6%.
- Abortions: 11.8, Ratio 9.5%.
KYRGYZSTAN
- Population: 4.600.000 inhab.
- Usual statistics: Islam. Races: 52.4% Kyrgyz, 21.5% Russian, 12.9% Uzbek,
2.5% Ukranian, 2.3% German.
- Data: 65.8% Muslim, 15.2% Nonreligious, 11.2% Christian, Atheism.
- Abortions: 22.5, Ratio 17.5%.
TAJIKISTAN
- Population: 5.900.000 inhab.
- Usual statistics: Islam. Races: Tajik 59.6%, Uzbek 23.5%, Russian 7.6%,
Tatar 1.4%, Kyrgyz 1.2%.
- Data: 88.1% Muslim, 5.9% Nonreligious, 3.4% Atheist, Christianity. //
WCE: Muslims 83.6%; Nonreligious 12.0%;
Christian 2.1% (mainly Orthodox, 1.5%); Atheist 1.9%; other religions 0.4%.
- Abortions: in 1990 at 49.1, Ratio 21.2%.
TURKMENISTAN
- Population: 4.500.000 inhab.
- Usual statistics: Islam. 72-73% is Turkmen, 9.4-10% Russian, 9% Uzbek,
2.4% Kazak, 1.1% Tatar.
- Data: By Bethany.com, 81.2% Muslim, 8.8% Nonreligious and 5.1% Atheist.
From The World Christian Encyclopedia
(2001, Oxford University Press): Muslims 87.2%; Nonreligious 9.0%; Christian
2.3% (mainly Orthodox, 1.7%); and
Atheist the 1.4%.
- Abortions: in 1990 at 44.9, Ratio 22.9%.
FAR
EAST
Please,
note how Christianity is related to ethnical pertinence in many cases.
PHILIPPINES
- 72.000.000 inhab.
- Usual statistics: 84% Catholic, 8-10% Protestant, 4% Muslim.
- Data: U. Mich. in 1997: 68% practicing weekly, or 90% once per month
min. See also General Data.
The US Dept. of State states that there are twelve milion of indigenous
people (16%), and reportedly, they are mixing
the Christian beliefs with their native religions. Peoples with Christianity
as traditional religion (also as majoritary): the
Tagalog speakers (24% aprox.), the Han (Chinese origin), the Hiligaynon
(10%), the Masbatenos, the Cebuanos (24%),
the Waray (4.5%), the Pampangan (3.5%), the Ilocanos (11%), the Pangasineses
(2.5%) and the Bicolanos (7%). Same
for Islam among the Tausung, the Maranao (1.4%), and the Magindanaw (1.7%).
The major concentrations of Muslims
are situated in the Palawan Island, the Sulu Archipielago and in West Mindanao.
The rest is constituted by many minoritary
nations (speakers being: 2000, 10000, 50000, 150000, etc.) which are usually
Animist or with syncretical Christianity or Islam.
Geograficaly the Animists inhabit the Central Ranges in the North of Luzón
Island, and the rural areas of the Island of Mindanao
(in the cities Christian colonizers).
NATIONAL CHURCHES: the Aglipayan Church or Philippine Independent Church
has the same Catholic beliefs, but does
not recognizes the papal authority (=anglican way); the Iglesia ni Kristo
is a non-Trintarian church founded by its own prophet.
- Abortions: estimated around 25 per 1000 women aged 15-45, Ratio 16% (1994).
- New statistic: 1% Atheist, 1% Agnostic, 13% Deist, 6% autochton churches,
2% mainline Protestant (Baptist, Pentacostal...),
4% Muslim, 16% animist or syncretist Animism-Catholicism, 56% Catholic.
Neodoukhobors: not enough data.
CHINA
- 1.221.700.000 inhabitants.
- Usual statistics: Traditional Chinese religions (20%), Buddhism (6-9%),
Islam (2.4%). Peoples: Nine in ten is Han.
- Data: The government mantains a politic promoving atheism and regards
unreligiousity as the politicaly correct
trend. The Catholic Church and the Protestant ones are in some way in the
limbus (=underground),
notwithstanding, the government has its own Catholic and Protestant branches,
with official acknowledgement
and under communist surveillance. Because of this situation, to measure
the exact religious adhesion (and nothing
about beliefs !) is practicaly unreliable. Otherwise, some data can be
brought: the Atheism reaches a 12-15%
(or 146 millions), the nonreligious are the 59%, those that follow the
so called Chinese religion (confuncianism +
taoism + Buddhism + ancestor veneration + astrology + polytheism) can be
a 20-28%, deppending if we include
Buddhists, where in reality, Buddhists have around the 10%. The Muslims,
with an ethnical underground
(Khazaks, Huis, Uygurs) are some 2%, above all in the westernmost province
of Xingjiang. Christianity
in China, present since the V Century by Nestorian monks, since the XVI
by Jesuites, nowadays is divided
between real Catholics and Protestants in the underground, and official
and "national" Catholics and Protestants.
According to the Spanish newspaper ABC (5/12/96), the recognized Catholic
Patriotic Chinese Church has
the half adherents than the Catholic Church, four and half millions the
first, nine millions the last one. The
government-promoted Protestant church has officialy 12 millions of adherents,
but calculus for the underground
Protestant churches are saying that these churches are two or ten times
higher this cipher [perhaps by a mistaken
translation ?].
- Additional: A survey that could include some variants of religious type
was the World Values Survey 1996, with
these results (you must take in account that answers in dictatorships are
more conditioned): The 4.9% declared to
be religious, the 51.3% not to be and a 43.8% said to be atheist. The given
affiliations were a 0.4% Catholic,
0.1 Protestant, 0.1 Orthodox, 1.3% Muslim, 1% Buddhist, and a 96.8% said
to have not affiliation. But these
correlations changed in WVS 2000 as those declaring to be Budist were a
2%, as Catholic a 1%, as Protestant
a 2% and a 94% said was not member of any religion; so that Christians
in China come to be some 35 milion people.
- Abortions: 26.1, Ratio 27.4% (almost surely underscored).
- Approximated statistic: 15-20% Confuncianist -Taoist with Chinese Religion,
5-10% Budhist with Chinese Religion,
59% Nonreligious, 13% Atheist, 0.8% Catholic, 0.4% Chinese Catholicism,
1% Protestant, 1% Chinese
Protestantism, 2% Muslim, 0.6% Falung Gong. Some 60 millions are affiliated
with the Communist Party.
SOUTH KOREA
- 45.600.000 inhab.
- Usual statistics: 24-48% Buddhists, 18-34% Protestant, 6-10% Catholic.
- Data: With 11.000.000 protestants (24%), 3.000.000 catholic (6%), but
in 1957 they were 800.000 and 285.000,
and in 1919 (all) were, 200.000 (1.3%). // WCE 2001: Christian 40.8% (Protestants
15.6%; Independents 16.4%;
Roman Catholics 5.9%; other situations 2.7%); Ethnoreligions 15.6%; Buddhist
15.3%; New-Religions 15.2%;
Confucionists 11.1%; Nonreligious 1.5%; and in other religions the 0.6%.
- Abortions: (caution, based on a survey) 19.6, Ratio 24.6%.
INDONESIA, (with East Timor)
- Population: 197.000.000 inhab.
- Usual statistics: 87% Muslim, 10% Christian, 2% Hinduist, 1% Buddhist.
- Data: Appeared in bethany.com, 43.7% Muslims, 35% New-religionists [??],
13% Christians (1/3 Catholic),
2.6% Ethnic religionists, 1.9% Hinduists [Bali Island], 1.9% Nonreligious,
1% Buddhists [Chinese minority].
As in much of Asia, Christianity is used as a religious identity to differentiate
against the dominant ethnicity, and also
suffers the risk to be blended with traditional religions. In Indonesia,
those former no malayan and no muslim tribes
have adquired Christianity in great mesure: most Christians reside in the
eastern part of the country; Christianity
[Catholicism] is the predominant religion in the Sumba, Flores and Timor
Islands (total Christian: near
85%), while Protestantism is predominant in North and Central Maluku (Total
Christian: 45%). In the easternmost
province of Papua, Protestants are predominant in the North, and Catholics
are the majority in the South (Total: 85%).
Other significant Christian populations are located in North Sumatra (Sumatera
Utara: 33% Christian), seat of the
influential Batak Protestant Church, also Christianity is present in Central
Borneo (tribal Dayaks, around 20%) and in
North Celebes among the Protestant Minahasa (Sulawesi Utara: 52% Christian).
These populations made up 2/3 of
Christianity in Indonesia, at least in 1985 (the last year for which total
figures on religious affiliation have been made
available), because these corelations could have changed: the state is
carring a politic of assimilation and colonization
by "relocations" in these islands, evidently with racial muslim malayan
inmigrants; add up ethnic cleansing by both parts
and evangelization in progress. Monotheism is the politicaly correct belief
in that state. Based partly in: Indonesia,
Department of Information, Directorate of Foreign Information Services,
Indonesia 1992: An Official Handbook, Jakarta,
1992 - Table for Indonesia in The Library of Congress.
Report: Islam in Indonesia, carried in the XIV Century by traders,
isn't monolithical: the urban muslims usually follow the
orthodox one or santri, while the rural ones currently follow a
syncretic version, ebangan, with spirit worship and
black shamanism (by the dukun santets). Reportedly two out of three
muslims follow the syncretic version.
VIETNAM
- Population: 75.300.000 inhab.
- Usual statistics: 8-10% Christian (mainly Catholic), 30% Nonreligious,
3% primal indigenous religions, 3% Cao Dai
(hypersyncretical), 52-55% Buddhist.
- Data: As could be Christianity mixed with traditional religions in Asia,
Buddhism suffers of syncretism: old deities are
worshipped joint the divinized Buddha. An interesting note, is that where
reincarnation is viewed in the Western societies
as something good by its believers, in Buddhism and Hinduism is a condemn.
Communism in force. According to two no
official sources, the active Buddhists can be a 10-25% of the Vietnamese.
// WCE 2001: Buddhist 49.5%; Nonreligious
13.5%; New-Religions 11.3%; Ethnoreligions 8.5%; Christian 8.3% (Roman
Catholic 6.7% + Independent 0.8% +
Protestant 0.7%); Atheist 7.0%; Chinese Folk-religions 1.0%; Muslims 0.7%;
Baha'i 0.5%. But in the surveys of the
WVS 2000 people that declared to be Budhist was the 15%, people saying
that followed Ancestral Worship (traditional
cult to the deceased) the 30.5%, of the Cao Dai the 1%, and as Catholic
the 6%.
- Abortions: 83.3, Ratio 43.7%, but the cipher can be increased if we include
the abortions practiced in the private-sector:
111, Ratio 58.3%.
TAIWAN
- Population: 21.400.000 inhab.
- Usual statistics: 1.5% Catholic, 3% Protestant (Taiwanese Church), 24%
Nonreligious, rest Chinese religion
[confuncianism + taoism + Buddhism + ancestors veneration + astrology
+ polytheism].
- Data: Almost half of Christians are made up by the aboriginal natives
in the mountainous regions, austronesians;
also mixing Christianity with animist practices.
- Note: Curiously, Christianity has had the same success among the Han
nation in the prowestern National China
than in the proatheist Communist China.
SINGAPORE
- Population: 3.000.000 inhab.
- Usual statistics: 15% Muslim, 13% Christian, 3% Hinduist, Chinese religion.
Races: 78% Chinese, 14% Malayan,
7% Indian.
- Data: In this almost Chinese colony, Chinese and Indians have a 14% Christian
each one. The native malayans
are Muslim.
MALAYSIA
- Population: 20.500.000 inhab.
- Usual statistics: 53% Islam, 7% Hinduism, 6-7% Christianity, 29-31% Chinese
religion [Buddhism + taoism +
ancestors veneration...]. Races (Encarta): 47% Malay, 32% Chinese, 9% Dayak
(Borneo's natives), 8%
Indian.
- Data: Almost 9 in 10 Christians are dwelling in the Borneo provinces
of Sarawak and Sabah, representing in
these regions a portion between the 17-27%. The religion differentiates
again between malays and natives.
BURMA - MYANMAR
- Population: 46.000.000 inhab.
- Usual statistics: 87-90% Buddhism, 4-6% Christianity, 4% Islamism.
- Data: The last religious census was of 1982, but today the Karens (6.2%)
and Naga nations have many Christian
adherents, the Kachin (1.4%) and Chin (2.2%) are widely Christianized.
These ethnicites have states of its own in
the frontier zones, and many have armies on war. In Burma, the religious
affiliation is parallel to those national, again.
Report, Buddhism, allways for Nirvana ?: Myanmar is ruled by a militar
junta, the state promotes religious tolerance
and the Buddhism is not the official religion... in theory, in practice,
according to CESNUR
(US Dept. of State - Annual
Report on International Religious Freedom 1999, released by the Bureau
for Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor):
"[...] authorities and security forces promoted Buddhism among the Chin
in diverse and often coercive ways. For
example, military units repeatedly located their camps on the sites of
Christian churches and graveyards, which were
destroyed to build these camps; local Chin Christians were forced to assist
in these acts of desecration. Local government
officials ordered Christian Chins to attend sermons by newly arrived Buddhist
monks who disparaged Christianity and
promised monthly support payments to individuals and households that converted
to Buddhism. Government soldiers
stationed in Chin State reportedly were promised and given higher rank
and more pay if they induced Chin women to
marry them and convert to Buddhism. The authorities reportedly supplied
rice to Buddhists at lower prices than
to Christians, distributed extra supplies of other foodstuffs such as sugar
and milk to Buddhists on Sunday mornings while
Christians attended Church, exempted converts to Buddhism from forced labor,
and conscripted young Christian males to
do forced labor as army porters as they left church on Sunday mornings.
Soldiers led by officers repeatedly disrupted
Christian worship services and celebrations. Chin Christians were forced
to "donate" labor to clean and maintain Buddhist
shrines. Local government officials separated the children of Chin Christians
from their parents under false pretenses of
giving them free secular education and allowing them to practice their
own religion, while in fact the children were lodged
in Buddhist monasteries where they were instructed in and converted to
Buddhism without their parents' knowledge or
consent. Authorities reportedly seized and publicly burned Bibles smuggled
in from India and arrested and detained a
Bible smuggler. In Chin State, the authorities reportedly subjected Christian
sermons to censorship. An anonymous
printed pamphlet entitled "The Facts to Attack Christians," a guide to
proselytizing Christians "by means of both violence
and non-violence," was distributed widely by Buddhist monks of the Hill
Region Buddhist Missions. [...] Government
authorities repeatedly prohibited Christian clergy from proselytizing.
Soldiers beat Christian clergy who refused to sign
statements promising to stop preaching. Security forces arrested, detained
at length, or physically abused Christian clergy
who refused to stop preaching and who were effective preachers. The Rev.
Luai Thang, a northern Chin Baptist who
began a highly effective mission to the largely traditionalist Paletwa
township in southern Chin State in 1991, reportedly
was beaten severely by soldiers under the command of Sgt. Tun Myint in
the village of Pichaungwa in April 1993 while
officiating at a wedding ceremony. He was found killed by a stab wound
in August 1993. On August 2, 1993, soldiers
under the command of Lt. Col. Thurah Sein Win reportedly cut the mouth
of Baptist pastor Zang Kho Let of Phailen village
in Chin State, an effective preacher, so that he could not longer talk,
then killed him by beating him while suffocating him
with a plastic bag over his head. During the 1990's, a relatively large
number of Chin Christian clergy left the country and
claimed refugee status or political asylum in other countries. [...] In
June and July 1996, six Buddhist monks, led by Abbot
Badanna Setta of the Mindat Hill Region Buddhist Mission, reportedly came
to five villages in Chin State accompanied by
six soldiers under Sgt. Chit Shew from Light Infantry Battalion (LIB) 274.
In each village, the abbot reportedly ordered the
immediate and total abolition of Christianity and Christian churches. In
each village, the monks reportedly demanded that
church leaders sign pledges to stop preaching, and the soldiers accompanying
them reportedly beat with gun butts or
slashed the faces of church leaders who refused to sign in three villages.
In one village the monks and soldiers reportedly
stopped a Christian religious service at gunpoint. In another the abbot
reportedly ordered the removal of a cross from a
nearby hilltop. In yet another village, the monks and soldiers reportedly
forced all villagers to reregister with the local
government as Buddhists and to exchange their citizens' identity cards
identifying them as Christians with new citizens'
identity cards identifying them as Buddhists. There were also reports that
in 1998 a Buddhist missionary monk in a Chin
area of Sagaing Division beat local Christians who refused to renounce
Christianity. [...] In some other areas inhabited by
Chins, the Buddhist missionaries adopted somewhat less coercive tactics.
Two Buddhist monks accompanied by 2 soldiers
from IB 269 who served as their guards reportedly came to a 307-household
village in Matupi township, Chin State, in
November 1996. On July 19, 1997, a nonreligious public holiday, local authorities
reportedly fordered all villagers to attend
a sermon by one of the monks, who taught that Jesus was appropriately crucified
by the Romans after committing many
crimes, and offered monthly stipends for converts to Buddhism and free
education for their children. In January 1997, three
Buddhist monks reportedly accompanied by a squad of soldiers came to Te
village in Than Tlang township, Chin State.
Local government authorities reportedly ordered all residents to attend
the monks' sermon, in which the monks asked all
villagers to convert to Buddhism, and stated that men who refused to do
so would be taken by the army for forced labor as
porters, while those who converted would not. On Christmas Day 1996, in
Thing Cang village in Falam Township, Chin
State, soldiers reportedly broke the teeth of a church elder who asked
the second lieutenant commanding them to stop the
soldiers from disrupting a religious ceremony by singing and dancing. The
elder reportedly required hospitalization.".
And "mapping" all it:
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END OF STATISTICS
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