LAST UPDATED: 12JUN2005
SECULARIZED COUNTRIES:
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- 8.000.000 inhab.
- Usual statistics: 78% Catholic; 5% Protestant; 2% muslim.
- Data: Whom recognizes to be no religious or atheist, 700.000 in 1996.
In another poll, whom recognizes to be atheist 5%,
agnostic the 15%.
- New statistic: 10% Atheist; 12% Agnostic; 2% Pseudoatheist; 27% Deist;
29% neodoukhobors; 8-4% Pseudochristian,
(computing WVS or ISSP), 2% Protestant; 11-15% Catholic, with majority
practicing and conservative.
- New statistic (WVS 2000): 10% Atheist; 4.5% Agnostic; 3% Pseudoatheist;
36% Deist; 16% neodoukhobors;
15% Pseudochristian, 14% Catholic, 1% Orthodox, 1% Protestant.
- 5.400.000 inhab.
- Statistics: Orthodoxy.
- Data: Instead of Orthodoxy, the real religion of the Georgians, at least
among those of the West (Abkhazians, Mingrelians,
Svans) and Northeast (Pshavs and Khevsurs) is a popular religion where
divine spirits receive cult and sacrifices. To
know more please visit the History and Territorial Evoluton of Christianity
pages. In a recent article of the Central Asia
and the Caucasus magazine
written by Georgy Siamashvili it is stated that: "In September 2003, speaking
at an international
conference organized by the Center for Conflict Studies and Negotiations
Secretary of the State Chancellery of Georgia
P. Mamradze said: 'As a whole, people approve of pogroms of religious sects.
In fact, they are ignorant of the basic elements
of Christianity and do not know that the Evangelists and Baptists are not
sectarians. When I announced that I was an agnostic,
which meant that I denied a possibility of knowing God and grasping the
meaning of the world, certain people pointed out that
I should be expelled from the government. I would have been much wiser
to describe myself an ardent Orthodox Christian.'
On the whole the moral climate in the republic smacks of communist times.
Indeed, at that time a non-party member could
not hope to carve out a career for himself-today, true Christians are few
and far between among the intellectuals while pagans
and idol worshippers posing for true Christians are numerous.".
The Abkhazians are nominaly Christians or Muslims; the Adzarians are Georgians
(Kartvelians) of Muslim religion. The
Mingrelians, the Svan, and the Laz of Turkey (nominal Muslims) pertain
at the Zan subgroup.
- New statistic: 7% Atheist; 3% Agnostic; 37% Deist; 5% Christian deist;
25% Neodoukhobor (compare) being some
syncretical with the popular religion; 22% Orthodox (with a majority being
syncretical); 1% Muslim.
- 5.300.000 inhab.
- Usual statistics: 9.7% Atheism; 17.5% Others; 8.4% Protestantism; 4.1%
Orthodoxy; 60% Catholicism.
- Univ. of Michigan: 47% of weekly churchgoers; in other source, 33% go
at least once per week. In the last statistic:
50% catholic, 10% protestant, and 3% orthodox.
Governamental statistics (Housing
Census 2001) show that the religious affiliation was: 69% Catholics, 7%
Evangelic
Church, 4% Uniate (Total Catholics = 73%), 2% Reformed Church, 1% Orthodox,
1% other affiliations, 13% without affiliation.
- Abortions: 19.7, Ratio 28.8%.
- New statistic: 16% Atheist; 12% Agnostic; 3% Pseudoatheist (computing
ISSP98); 3% Protestants; 13% Deists;
5% New Age; 25-30% Neodoukhobor (Comparing with the Russian case); 17-22%
Catholic.
- New statistic (WVS 2000): 13% Atheist; 8.5% Agnostic; 3% Pseudoatheist;
6% Protestants; 18% Deists;
9% New Age; 3% Neodoukhobor; 5% Pseudochristian; 32% Catholic.
- 10.400.000 inhab.
- Usual statistics: 97% Orthodox.
- Data: Christianity among Greeks has till certain point many pre-Christian
elements. In the Synod of Trullo (year 691) were
condemned those who consulted diviners [or hecantontarchs], and was mentioned
the existence among Greeks of "cloud
chasers" (to foretell the future), wailers (foretold the future by reading
the palms of the hands), providers of phylacteries
(phylacteries included bear hairs, dyed cords, the skin of snakes and other
items inscribed with invocations to demons
to ward off from diseases and evil eye: "baskania"), and seers (invoked
the demons as well the name of the Holy Trinity
and saints), who might be thrown out of the Church; and that means that
such magicians were nominaly Christians;
Balsamon provides even more concrete information about variety of divinations
that were practiced in the twelfth century:
as the use of bonfires (identified with the ancient Greek "Kledona", and
used to ward off bad luck and to foresee the future),
omens, astrology and oracles. Nikodemos the Hagiorite in the XVIII Century
pointed out the survivence of such practices.
If adiviners and adivinations existed yet in the XVIII Century it is to
think that among common people it could have survived
much or less yet till nowadays: even it is common to see in Greek taxis
a round blue disk attached to the inner mirror;
they serve to protect against misfortunes and evil eye.
- New statistic (Approximative. Reference country: Italy): 2% Atheist;
4% Agnostic; 94% believers in god (normally,
coincidence among the group of believers and religious): 15% Deist + 15%
Christian deist + 20% Neodoukhobor +
44% Orthodox.
- New Statistic (WVS 2000): 5% Atheist, 5.5% Agnostic, 1% Pseudoatheist,
46% Deist, 10% Neodoukhobor,
9% New Age, 27% Orthodox, 1% Catholic.
- 5.100.000 inhab.
- Usual statistics: 86% lutheranism.
- Abortions: 9.9, Ratio 14.7%.
- Data: Orthodox and Lutheran Churches official religions. The Lapps or
Sami retain till certain point much of their
ancient religion (shamanism).
- New statistic: 14 percent Atheist; 9% Agnostic; 23% Deist; 4% Christian
deist; 4% Pseudoatheist; 30% Neodoukhobor;
17% would be Protestant.
- New statistic (WVS 2000): 12 percent Atheist; 8.5% Agnostic; 31.5% Deist;
2.5% Pseudoatheist; 12.5% Neodoukhobor;
5% Pseudochristian; 25% Protestant. This would make Finland as the most
orthodox Protestant country in Europe.
- 2.000.000 inhab.
- Statistics: 67% Orthodox, 30% Muslim.
- Abortions: 28.5, Ratio of 35.1%.
- New statistic: 14% Atheist; 11% Agnostic; 38% Deist; 5% Christian deist;
25% Neodoukhobor (compare); 4% Orthodox;
3% Muslim.
- Note: In the general data appears an 11% as calculated for the christian
right (WVS98)... but a 90% of them are of the
Muslim minority (Albanians).
- New statistic (WVS 2000): 9% Atheist; 2.5% Agnostic; 42% Deist; 4.5%
Christian deist; 20% Neodoukhobor (areal mean);
15% Orthodox; 7% Muslim.
- 39.300.000 inhab.
- Usual statistics: 96% catholics.
- Data: CIS #2203 (1995): Very happy 18%, enough happy 60%, enough misfortunate
5%, neither one nor other
17%, very misfortunate 1% (...). In favor of the euthanasia 62%, against
31%, neither one nor other 7%; per-
centage about if a woman can have children out of marriage 71% - 24% -
5%; percentage in the case of the
abortion with only the conscience of the woman 56% - 38% - 6%; percentages
evaluating the respectability
of sex among the same sex 65% - 28% - 7%. In 1993, opinion of the abortion
is assassinate and crime: 18%,
in other case, tolerance; equal percentage a favour of the death penalty,
if assassination with robbery. Survey
of 1991: self identification in Left 34%, Center 28%, Right 14%.
Believe in reincarnation ? 24% yes, and
28% among the young. Others beliefs in all/youth: God 76%/70%, Next life
47%/46%, Sin 35%/35%, in the
hell 22%/19%. Declare that religion affects very or enough his important
decisions the
49.5%, not and not very the 50.5%. Nowadays, the self identification by
the Spaniards is 90% catholics, 2%
others, 3.5% atheists, and 4.5 agnostics; 9.000.000 practicing weekly (=
22.5%), but the 27% declares to do it;
the half of the spanish people believes on the christian god. In another
poll (INJUVE) of 1997, against the abortion
54.4%, the gay marriage 48.2%, the pre matrimonial sex 7.7%. According
to the University of Michigan, the
25% practicings weekly, 37% once at month min. (42% in Euskadi, 40% in
Galicia, 32% in Andalusia, 26% in
Valencia). CIS #2301 (International Social Survey Program, Religion '98):
Percentage that thinks that pre matrimonial
sex is wrong 15%, always wrong 5.7%, sometimes 12.8%, never 61,2%; the
homosexuality 30% - 6.3% - 9.2% -
45.2%; the abortion by economic causes 33.6% - 13.1% - 14.7% - 31.7%. Not
agree or very disagree with couples
out of matrimony: 16.6%; the religious authorities cannot have influences
over the vote or the government, 9.3% - 9.7%;
About god, they do not believe 8.5%, they are agnostic 6.9%, deism 12.3%,
alternance on the belief 7.3%, sometimes
they doubt 18.8%, they believe 45.5%. But now they believe the 77.2%; and
in the other life the 48.6% as certain or
certain probably, 45.7% about the heaven, 33.2% of the hell; the Bible
is literal for the 12.1%, inspired for the 47.3%,
fables for the 24.4%, none of the previous 6.7%. Pray diary 22.6%, or per
month min. 50.3%. Is very religious the
14.2%, some the 42.1%. They believe in one religion as unique true the
27.1%. They attend the church weekly 26.6%
or monthly min. the 42.4%. Definition in politics: left 26.6%, center 24.9%,
right 15.8%; about religion 83.5% Catholic,
1% Other, 10.2% They don't believe, 3.5% Atheist.
The CIS survey #2443 of january 2002 states that there is a 73% of Spaniards
believing in God (and a 12% doubting,
and a 14.5% disbelieving); there was believing in Heaven a 41% with certainty,
a 29% doubting, and a 27% not believing;
on Hell it was 26 - 30 - 42; on Devil was 22 - 25 - 49; on Purgatory 23
- 27 - 45. The Bible is taken as literal by a 13%,
inspired by a 49%, or as fables and histories by a 24%.On questioning if
there is only one religion as true there was a 23.5%
answering positively; about reincarnation the positive answers were a 17%.
Following the issue on beliefs on what happens
after death, there is a 39.5% thinking that there is a continuation of
our soul (16.5% with certainty + 23% agreeding somewhat).
Religious practice and affiliation seem have changed: a 80% is self-defined
as Catholic, non-believer a 11.5%, 1.5% of other
religions (above all Islam); the practice among Catholics is a 25% weekly,
monthly or with more frequency: 15% (20% + 12%
of the total). From Gallup.es (June 2004), in regard to homosexuals, there
is a 27.5% who is against that they could adopt
children (54% favorable), and a 21% against that they could marry (61%
favorable to same-sex marriages).
- Abortions: 5.7, Ratio of 12.6%.
- Facts: Increase of suicides GRAPHIC
- Increase of criminality GRAPHIC.
( Data showed in the Observatorio de la
Seguridad Pública, by the Instituto de Estudios de la Seguridad
y Policía ).
- New statistic: 3% Atheist; 18% Agnostic; 3% Pseudoatheist (ISSP98 computing);
18% Deist; 14% Christian deist;
21% Neodoukhobor; 24% is really catholic (and conservative and with weekly
attendance).
- New statistic II: 11.5% Atheist; 12% Agnostic; 3% Pseudoatheist (ISSP98
computing); 11% Deist; 25.5% Christian deist;
14% Neodoukhobor; 22.5% Catholic.
- New statistic (WVS 2000): 12% Atheist; 5.5% Agnostic; 2% Pseudoatheist;
37% Deist; 2% Christian deist;
14% Neodoukhobor; 27% Catholic.
- Commentary: and here is "the spiritual reserve of occident", Franco said.
- 4.400.000 inhab.
- Usual statistics: 89% lutheran.
- Data: They declare to be atheist or without religion the 3 and the 10
percent. In poll, the 45% believe in god, 60% of
the other life (sure or probably), 58% of the norwegians believe of Jesus
as their Savior (sure or probably).
In other survey show to us that 9% is atheist, 13% agnostic, 33% believe
some (among they 48% in the next
life, 40% in the Savior, 27% of the heaven, and 10% in the hell), the other
25% believe but do not practice (with
80% believing in the Savior and in the next life, and the 23% in the hell
and the demon), the rest, 20%, is
practicing and with the usual christian beliefs.
- Abortions: 15.6, Ratio 19.1%.
- New statistic: 13% Atheist; 16% Agnostic; 27% Deist; 4% Pseudoatheist;
12% Neodoukhobor; 28% lutheran.
Perhaps a 15% is not orthodox lutheran but pseudochristian according to
ISSP98 (Belief in Hell: 14%).
LUXEMBURG
- 415.000 inhab.
- Usual statistics: 95% Catholic.
- New statistic (WVS 2000): 19% Atheist, 5% Agnostic, 28% Deist, 6% Pseudoatheist,
10% New Age,
4% Neodoukhobor, 6% Pseudochristian, 19% Catholic.
ALBANIA
- 3.200.000 inhab.
- Statistics: 70% Muslim, 20% Orthodox, 10% Catholic
- Data: Albania, after the Slav devastations remained mainly Slav with
some nucleus of Greek-speakers and
Latin-speakers in the cities and in isolate mountains along with Illyrian-Albanian
populations that were not assimilated.
Around the X century the Albanians (yet pagan) flooded the Slav plains;
in the same epoch evangelization might have
begun from the area of Ohrid. And surely, by comparission with Macedonia,
Bogomil preachers competed with Christian
ones: after the Otoman ocupation Albanians mainly forsake their nominal
Orthodoxy or Catholicism for Islamism.
Even those Albanians that keept their Christianity until today are not
following mainstream Christian attitudes,
as per example the feast of Saint Nicholas (on December 6), which is a
pre-Christian feast observed in Albania by
Christians and even Muslims, such feast celebrates the return of the souls
of the dead and is commemorated by the
slaughtering of a sheep [fërlik]; or as the custom practiced in Selta,
a central region of Albania, where a cow
is sacrified on the feast day of Virgin Mary; or the practices carried
in the Dajti Mountains (northeast of Tirana),
where slaughtering of animals succeed, candles are lit, and coins are left
behind to implore at St. Georges to assist
the sick and weary; or in Saint Elias' feast day (in July 20), when in
Albanian popular tradition animals are sacrified.
Even Muslim Albanians keep such type of "maraboutism" in that they have
their own saints' veneration customs inside
their shrines [tyrbe]; moreover, some ancient Christian saints cults traspassed
the religious frontier and Muslims act
in the same way as do Christians; only that the Christian saints have been
changed by Muslim saint men.
By such acounts, it could be ascertained that these saints' cults are the
survival of a clear advocation to pagan gods,
lately badly christianized, after islamized; from such survival of maraboutism
among Albanian Christians also might
be suspected that they keep secretly some degree of Bogomilism...?
- New statistic: In front of the lack of sources and surveys, and knowing
that actual statistics refer a raw stimation done
in the thirties, it would be more reliable to adapt the old proportions
with the actual situations of the neighbour states
of Albania (Macedonia above all) and consideating that the extinct Comunist
regime adopted Atheism and forced
"conversion". Then, a statistic far to be reliable would be: 20% Atheist,
12% Agnostic, 40% Deist, 20% Neodoukhobor
(with Christian or Muslim base), 5% Muslim, 3% Orthodox, 1% Catholic.
- New Statistic (WVS 2000): 7.5% Atheist, 4.5% Agnostic, 0.5% Pseudoatheist,
51.5% Deist, 1.5% New Age,
16% Neodoukhobor - pseudosikh (in comparision with neighbour countries),
12% Muslim, 4% Orthodox,
2% Catholic.
- 58.700.000 inhab.
- Usual statistics range: 57-48% anglicans; 15-7% other protestants; 13-8%
catholics; 1% orthodox; 3%
muslims; 2.000.000-1.000.000 hinduists (4-2%); 1% sikh.
- Data: In poll by the BBC, 68% by the adult people declares to be Christian.
Among they, a 71% percent
believes the resurrection of Christ, the 64% in the other life, but the
25% doesn't believes neither in heaven nor hell
nor resurrection nor Doomsday (Among the total of the English people: 45%
- 47% - 17%). In other source, the 4%
of the Englishmen defines as atheist, 49% as agnostic. Religion is important
in your life ? 16% yeah. In a
survey among teenagers, 99% of the agnostics and atheists think that a
couple without to be married is well,
80% among the anglicans, 85% among the catholics; the anticonceptives are
correct for the 99% of the anglicans and
the 92% of the catholics; homosexuality is correct too to the 66% of the
anglicans and the catholics.
In '96, 2.000.000 of the English were the weekly practicings, but the 27%
of all of them say to do it (according others
estimations is the 20%). No religious and/or atheists is 28% or 5.580.000,
depending of the source. In a poll
of 1998, the belief about the reincarnation ranges 30-35%. According the
University of Michigan, the 19% had
his religion as important, the 16% as very important.
Apart from that, the polls by MORI (Market & Opinion Research International
Ltd.), show that in the '97, a 34%
were in favour of the abortion without to need justify it, vs the 51%;
the 86% vs the 7% if it is the product of a violation
or incest. Furthermore, in politics, the intentions of vote were of a 48%
Labourist, 16% Liberal Democrat,
28% Conservative, 8% Other; but if someone politic defends the capital
penalty, or anti abortionist postures, he would
has only the 16% of votes in both postures. In beliefs: there is a 65%
that believe in god,
per a 10 that doesn't know, and a 26% that doesn't believe; in a posterior
life is a 45% - 13% - 42%; of the
Heaven 54% - 9% - 37%; the telepathy 54% - 9% - 37%; the premonitions 64%
- 7% - 29%; and about the
reincarnation 24% - 12% - 64%. Catholic identification is 11%, 63%
is protestant, 2% is muslim, 1% is jewish, 21%
none + agnostic + atheist; the weekly practice takes to the 17% or if someone
takes in account whom assists the
religious acts one time per month minimum, is the 28%. The NOP Research
Group poll in 1997: the euthanasia would
has the active and moral support of the 84% of britons.
The National Centre for Social Research realized the British Social Attitudes
Survey 1999 (# 4318). Among other
questions, it was asked the actual religion of the surveyed, and with what
religion they brought up. The results were:
No religion 43.3% - 10.8%, Christian - no denomination 6.2% - 5.9%,
Catholic 8.8% - 13.3%, Church of England/Anglican
28% - 50.6%, Baptist 1.2% - 1.5% [mainly Black Caribbeans], Methodist 2.4%
- 5.2%, Presbyterian/Church of Scotland
3.7% - 6%, other Protestant and/or Christian churches 2.6% - 2.9%, Hindu
0.4% - 0.4%, Jewish 0.3% - 0.5%, Muslim 1% -
1.1%, Sikh 0.3% - 0.3%, and those of another non-Christian religion 0.4%
- 0.2%. The respondents attending the church
apart from special occasions were divided between: Those attending once
a week or more, being the 11.5%, those going
once in two weeks, 2%, or once a month, 5.5%, also there were those attending
twice a year or less often too (20.1%),
and those that never or practically never assist the mass, the 59%.
The MORI poll of december 2001 describes how a 65% is to allow a woman
to get abortion if she seeks it (17% was contrary
to it). By simple wish, only a 50% agreed to allow abortion, but then a
33% was contrary. The abortion rate for the United
Kingdom in 2000 was 16%o and that means that one in three British
women had had (or will have) an abortion in their lifetime.
In fact, it has been checked that 82% of the women that have aborted were
not married.
In september 2003 MORI conducted a survey on beliefs, so that those who
believe in god constitute a 60% (a 11% don't know
and a 29% is atheist); in a life after death 47%, in Heaven 52%, in telepathy
42%, in reincarnation 23%, and in Hell 32%. It is
striking to check how many people takes decisions on what to belief and
what to don't belief after knowing how widespread is
religious ignorance: around a 45% of the respondents were neither able
to mention any gospel name, nor to say the name of
the pope, nor to say the name of the holy book of the Muslims.
In a poll conducted in february 1998 to the Sun newspaper by MORI, people
said that their religion was Catholic for a 11%,
Anglican for a 50%, Scottish Church for a 3%, Protestant was a 10%, Muslim
was a 2%, Jew was a 1%; those being atheists,
agnostics or without religion were a 21%. For practice it was found that
a 17% attended religious services weekly, where
a 11% monthly.
- Abortions: 15.6, Ratio 20.5%.
- New statistic: 18% Atheist; 17% Agnostic; 19% Deist; 2% Hinduist, Sikh
or Muslim; 22% Neodoukhobor; 5%
Pseudoatheist according the computations with the ISSP; 16% Christian (Anglican,
Protestant, Catholic), group
practicing and conservative.
- New statistic II: 24% Atheist; 11% Agnostic; 18% Deist; 3% Hinduist,
Sikh or Muslim; 16% Neodoukhobor; 5%
Pseudoatheist according to the previous computations with the ISSP; 23%
Christian (Anglican, Protestant, Catholic),
group practicing and conservative.
- New statistic (WVS 2000): 17.5% Atheist; 13.5% Agnostic; 15% Deist; 8.5%
Christain Deist; 3% Hinduist, Sikh or
Muslim; 16% Neodoukhobor; 6.5% Pseudoatheist; 18% orthodox Christian (Anglican,
Protestant, Catholic).
- 4.300.000 inhab.
- Statistics: Orthodoxy. World Christian Encyclopedia, 2001: Christian
68.8% (Orthodox 44.5% + independent 15.3% +
unaffiliated 4.9% + Protestant 1.8% + Roman Catholic 1.7% + marginal churches
0.8%); Nonreligious 20.4%; Muslims
6.5%; Atheist 4.2%; Jewish 1.1%.
- Abortions: 38.8, Ratio 42.7%.
- New statistic: 9% Atheist; 5% Agnostic; 45% Deist; 4% Christian deist;
25% Neodoukhobor (compare); 9% Orthodox;
2% Muslim; 1% Catholic or Protestant.
- 10.000.000 inhab.
- Usual statistics: 90-95% Catholic.
- Data: Survey in Expresso 6/6/98 shows us that the 58% will vote a favor
to legalize the abortion, 33% no.
In other survey: 61% yes, 39% not. Weekly practicing in 1991 were the 47%.
See general data.
- Abortions: If it doesn't appears the number, this means that it is illegal,
or I haven't data.
- New statistic: 4% Atheist; 5% Agnostic; 1% Pseudoatheist (computing
ISSP98); 14% Deist; 7% Christian deist; 29%
Neodoukhobor; 39% Catholics.
- New Statistic (WVS 2000): 2.5% Athesit, 3.5% Agnostic, 1% Pseudoatheist,
43% Deist, 14% Christian Deist,
23% Neodoukhobor, 13% Catholic. There is a 37% of the Portugueses going
to the Church weekly.
- 15.000.000 inhab.
- Usual statistics: 36% Catholics; 26% Protestants; 3% Muslims; 1% Hinduism;
1% Buddhists; 33% no religious;
or without religious affiliation. In the census of 1922, were 3.650.000
the protestants (51.5%); 2.455.000
catholics (34.6%); 115.000 jewish (1.6%); 101.000 with other (1.4%); 533.000
without confession (7.5%).
- Data: They go at the church, min. one time per month the 31%. They declare
to be atheist in poll a 4%, agnostic a 49%.
In 1989, the 15.3% of men and the 4.4% of women preferred the sex with
the same gender. In 1999 the 25%
recognized that the religion is important in their life. A favour of the
euthanasia in 1998, 92%. In the ISSP'94, the self
adscription was: 21% catholic, 17.3% protestant, 4% other religion, and
57% none.
Extract of the book Secularisatie en alternatieve zingeving in Nederland,
by J.W. Becker, J. de Hart, J. Mens
(Sociaal en Cultureel Planbureau), available at http://www.scp.nl/boeken/studies/studie24/nl/acrobat/studie24totaal.pdf
PDF file and Dutch version. In the surveys Culturele Veranderingen
of 1994-95 it appears that the 16% of the Dutch
people doesn't believe in god, the 14% says that hasn't way to know Its
existence, the 22% believing in a "high power",
the 25% believes but with doubts at times, and the 24% believes with certainty.
A 62% of the population thus
considered themselves to be non-church, 19% Catholic, 9% Dutch Reformed,
6% Dutch orthodox, and
4% other churches. Continuing about the system of beliefs, 54% believe
in the after life, 46% in the Heaven (a increase
of a 5% in these two aspects comparing with the ISSP'91... X-Files effect
?), 16% in Hell, 21% in devil, 33% in the Adam
& Eve's history, 37% in the Bible as god's word, 27% in reincarnation,
15% in Buddhism, 19% in spiritism, 9% in black
magic, and a 8% in the New Age.
- Abortions: 6.5, Ratio 10.6%.
- New statistic: 17% Atheist; 16% Agnostic; 15% Deist; 3% Muslim;
1% Hinduism; 1% Buddhist; 5% Pseudoatheist;
20% Neodoukhoborism; 10-6% Pseudochristian (acc. WVS or ISSP); 12-16% "Christian":
6-8% Catholic, 6-8%
Protestant.
- New statistic (WVS 2000): 30% Atheist; 3% Agnostic; 1% Muslim; 9% Pseudoatheist;
22% Deist;
10% Neodoukhoborism; 13% Pseudochristian; 10% "Christian": 8% Catholic,
4% Protestant.
- 10.100.000 inhab.
- Usual statistics: With identification, 85.6% Catholics; 0.4% Protestants;
2.8% Muslims; 0.4% Jewish; 8% no
religious.
- Data: 75% Catholic; 23% Atheist & Agnostic; 2% Other. In poll edited
in 1998 (Self identification): 7%
Atheist, and 32% Agnostic. In another poll: those whom believed that it
is not necessary the religious marriage
were the 50%, those whom don't were much agree: 27%, and whom don't
were agree was the 23%. In 1991,
44% practicing weekly, nowadays 35%. See general data too.
- Abortions: 6.8, Ratio 11.2%.
- New statistic (Approximative): 1/10 Atheist; 1/5 Agnostic; 2% Muslim;
12% Deist;
13% Christian deist; 12% New Age; 4% Neodoukhobor; 15% Pseudochristian
(acc. WVS) and Catholic the 11% surely.
- New statistic (WVS 2000): 23% Atheist; 5.5% Agnostic; 2% Muslim; 32%
Deist; 4% Pseusoatheist; 12% Neodoukhobor;
7% Pseudochristian and Catholic the 13%.
NO RELIGIOUS COUNTRIES:
- 81.900.000 inhab.
- Usual statistics: 34-45% protestant; 33-37% catholic; 2-3% muslim.
- Data: Nowadays, catholics and protestants have 54.600.000 affiliates
(= 68.6%). Observatory of Cults and
Ideologies says that the 45% believe of god, the group most believer is
the catholic with the 63%. Atheism among
youth is 66%. Only the 25% of germans believe of Jesus, where the 54% as
Son of God and 38% as a great person.
Tax of divorce is 25% (the rest finish with the widowry). 1.300.000 protestants
practicing weekly (= 4.7% among the
group and 1.3% of the total). In Damokles 2/94 appears that 19% believe
about the telepathy, 15% of the horoscopes,
13% about the reincarnation as possible, 15% of the spirits, 44% of the
other life. World Values Survey in
1997, 13% have the religion as important in their life. EMNID's survey
edited in the newspaper Sonntagsblatt of
July 4, 1997: 43% believing in another life after the dead, 30% in resurrection,
and a 26% in reincarnation.
Data appeared in the site Religionsökonomik 1999/2000 by Prof.
Dr. Michael Schramm: The Allbus ' 98 reports that a
37.3% is evangelical member and a 41.4% catholic member in West Germany,
when in East Germany it is 22%
evangelical and 4.6% catholic. In Allbus '96, the weekly practicing germans
were 74% catholic and 18% protestant.
From the Zulehner/Denz surveys of 1993 about god:
PERSONAL HIGH POWER
AGNOSTIC ATHEIST
||| REINCARNATION
WEST
25
45
18
12
19
EAST
13
11
27
49
11
TOTAL
22
38
20
20
15
Alcoholized men, 2.700.000; with dangerous degree of consumption, 9.300.000.
- Abortions: 7.6, Ratio 14.1%.
- New statistic: 23% Atheist; 16% Agnostic; 16% Deist; 5% Christian deist;
5% Pseudoatheist; 2% Muslim;
18% Neodoukhobor; 14% Christian (surely 6% Catholic, 8% Protestant).
- New statistic (WVS 2000): 27% Atheist; 7% Agnostic; 30% Deist; 2% Pseudoatheist;
2% Muslim; 5% New Age,
10% Neodoukhobor; 15% Christian (surely 7% Catholic, 8% Protestant).
- Usual statistics: 47% protestants; 44% catholics; 2.5% muslims.
- Data: 51% believe in god, 20% atheists. In another survey: 2% atheist,
11% agnostic. Practicing weekly 14% and
monthly min. 25% (U. of Michigan). In '99 with 7% weekly.
- New statistic: 12% Atheist; 18% Agnostic; 20% Deist; 2% Christian deist;
5% Pseudoatheist;
21% Neodoukhobor; 19% christian: 10% Catholic; 9% Protestant; 2% Muslim.
- Usual statistics: 47% protestant; 7% catholic.
- Data: 20% believe about god, 64% atheists. Practicing weekly 5% and monthly
min. 9%. In '99 with 2.1% weekly.
- New statistic: 55% Atheist; 14% Agnostic; 6% Deist; 12% Christian deist;
4% Pseudoatheist; 9% Neodoukhobor.
- Commentary: This is the unique protestant country (except Estonia and
Latvia) that was under the
communism, now it is the most no religious. Pure atheists (without accept
god and the possibility of another life),
are the 28% by catholic mother, 41% by Lutheran mother, and 74% by without
religion mother.
- 3.700.000 inhab.
- Statistics: Armenian ortodoxy. WCE: Christian 84% (Armenian Church 78.2%
+ Roman Catholics 4.6% + others 1.1%);
Muslims 2.7%; Nonreligious 8.4%.
- Data: Armenia has its own national church, who splitted soonly from mainstream
Christianity and adopted the Monophysist
Christology (that is to say that Jesus had not human aspects, that He was
only Divine and henceforth that he could have not
suffered really per example). The doctrines, theology, and canons of the
Armenian Church are guidelines rather than legal
documents or dogmas; similiarly morals are teached, but it is in the hand
of the faithful to decide what is wrong or good
(such as abortion or homosexuality issues). This logicaly has led to a
lax morality (as per example that priets receive money
to pray for the faithful: Simony), but even more, to a syncretic Christianity.
Nowadays, the religious Armenians tie robes to
sacred trees and fear the wrong acts of the "dew" or evil spirits (till
the point to appease them with sacrifices... ?).
In the other side, the pagan survival most stricking is "madagh", or animal
sacrifice commited with chickens, doves, lambs, etc.
which are slaughtered after being blessed by the priest in a hut near the
church. Such offerings are to honor Armenian saints
[similar at the Muslim Maraboutism], to acquire good luck, to honor deceased
persons (as in cults of the dead), or usually
to "honor" God, but in a way that seems sinful as the sacrifice comes to
be a mean to "bribe" God when the parishioner
wishes to have health, increase flocks, prosperity, rain, etc. Even madagh
serves as a mean to be forgiven by past sins,
so that Christ's passover comes to be inefectual, or allowing it to sin
as much as one is capable to buy doves to slaught...
- Abortions: 35.4%, Ratio 39.4%.
- New statistic: 13% Atheist; 8% Agnostic; 46% Deist; 3% Christian deist;
25% Neodoukhobor (compare); 5% Orthodox.
Neodoukhobors and Orthodoxes being mainly syncretical.
- 2.500.000 inhab.
- Statistics: 55% Lutheran, 24% Catholic, 9% Orthodox. Otherwise, in the
WCE appears: Christians 65% (Protestant
22.2% + Orthodox 22.8% + Roman Catholic 19.7% + others 0.2%); Nonreligious
27.9%; Atheist 6.2% and other
religions with an 1%.
- Data: 19.9% Catholic (500.000) in 1995. U. Mich.: 5% weekly, 16% per
month.
In the PDS (Russian
Religion News of July 2003) appears that the Center of the Study of Public
Opinion of Latvia found
that those who consider themselves as Orthodox are 25%, as Lutheran 25%,
as Catholic 21%, as Old Believers 3%,
as Baptists 2%, as believers without confession a 9%, and those being non-believers
were a 12%. Lutherans inhabit the
west, Orthodox and Catholics the east.
- Abortions: 44.1, Ratio 53.9%.
- New statistic: 11% Atheist, 15% Agnostic, 24% Deist, 3% Pseudoatheist,
2% other religion, 42% Neodoukhobor,
Lutheran, Orthodox, and Catholic less than 1%...
- Note: Increase in 8 years of 18 points about Heaven, Hell...
- New statistic (WVS 2000): 9% Atheist, 16% Agnostic, 41% Deist, 2% Pseudoatheist,
18% Neodoukhobor, 4% New
Age, 2% Lutheran, 2% Orthodox, and 3% Catholic.
- 8.900.000 inhab.
- Usual statistics: 89% Swedish Church.
- Data: In 1981 (WWS), a 26% believed in Heaven, and a 10% in the Hell.
- Abortions: 18.7, Ratio 25.2%.
- New statistic: 12% atheist; 18% agnostic; 27% deist; 12-6% pseudoatheist,
11-17% New Age, 11% pseudochristian
(with WVS '97 computation), and the rest with the protestant (9%) or other
non christian (1%) beliefs.
- New statistic (WVS 2000): 30% atheist; 13% agnostic; 19% deist; 11% pseudoatheist,
9% Neodukhobor,
10% pseudochristian, and the rest with Protestant (8%) and Catholic (1%)
beliefs.
- 1.900.000 inhab.
- Usual statistics: 71-83% Catholic, 2% Orthodox, 1% Muslim, 1% Lutheran.
- Data: (U. Mich) 22% of weekly attendance, 33% with once per month min.
('97).
- Abortions: 22.8, Ratio 35.7%.
- New statistic: 16% Atheist; 11% Agnostic; 18% Deist; 19% Christian Deist;
3% Pseudoatheist; 13% Neodoukhobor;
1% Muslim; 3% Pseudochristian (acc. WVS); 15% Catholic (all of them practicings).
- New statistic (WVS 2000): 30% Atheist; 3% Agnostic; 36% Deist; 3% Pseudoatheist;
11% Neodoukhobor;
1% New Age; 14% Catholic.
- 5.300.000 inhab.
- Usual statistics: 90% Lutheran (Danish Church). Around a one percent
Muslim.
- Note: With frequency, the danish people get certain bus' lines that go
to Poland, with the unique purpose to buy cheap
alcohol: the young danish are among the european with the sad record to
be the more drunken people (18 liters of
pure alcohol at year) joint english and welsh young people.
- Abortions: 16.1, Ratio 20.3%.
- New statistic: 17% Atheist; 19% Agnostic; 6% Pseudoatheist (ISSP98);
19% Deists; 6% New Age; 5% neodoukhobors;
6-14% Pseudochristian (it depends on what poll we compute, the WVS or the
ISSP); a 15-7% Lutheran.
- New statistic (WVS 2000): 22% Atheist; 10% Agnostic; 6% Pseudoatheist;
36% Deists; 9% New Age;
8% Pseudochristian; a 9% Lutheran.
- 50.700.000 inhab.
- Usual statistics (one source): Affiliation (1998); 55-65% Ukrainian orthodox,
10% Catholic, 3% Protestant, 1%
Jewish, 25.5% no religious.
- University of Kiev (Dept. of Sociology): In answers of 1996-97, Do you
believe in god ? 71.5% Yes - 17% No - 11.5%
Don't know; Asking about the faith most close, a 47.5% answered orthodox
- 6% uniate or catholic - 14% can't choose
but he/she is a believer. If the question is if the stories that offend
sexual morality can be banned, a 28% say yes. In
the year 1998: MEMBERSHIP, no religious 32.6%, ukranian orthodoxy (Kiyiv
patriarchate) 32.2%, ukranian orthodoxy
(Moscow) 9.2%, uniate (catholic) 5.5%, ukranian autocephal 1.7%, other
2.2%, uneasy answer. GOD: completely
untruth 7.5% - more untruth than truth 5.5% - can't choose 21.5% - more
truth than untruth 18.5% - completely truth 45%;
CHURCH & CLERGYMEN (completely trust or more trust than distrust):
34%; ASTROLOGERS (same variables): 14.5%;
Do you attended the religious services the last week ? 14% yes.
- Abortions: 57.2, Ratio 57.6%.
- New statistic: 20% Atheist, 15% Agnostic, 35% Deist, 1% New Age, 25%
Neodoukhobor (See Russia or Estonia), 4%
Orthodox, 1% Catholic.
- Commentary: Who could believe 20 years ago that in the 90's we could
see Ukrainian generals making the sign of the
cross joint orthodox priests ?
- New statistic (WVS 2000): 13% Atheist, 15.5% Agnostic, 40% Deist, 1.5%
Christian Deist, 1.5% Pseudoatheist, 19.5%
Neodoukhobor, 6% Orthodox, 2% Catholic, 1% Protestant.
- 10.200.000 inhab.
- Statistics: 60% Orthodox, 8% Catholic.
- Abortions: 67.5, Ratio 61.9%.
- Data: Estimated 40% Atheists. Percentage identified as orthodox the 60%.
In '95, 12% affiliated at the Catholic Church.
In '97, the 6% practicing weekly. According to the US dept. of State, fewer
than the half believe in god.
- New statistic: 16% Atheist, 12% Agnostic, 32% Deist, 4% Pseudoatheist;
20-35% Neodoukhobor; 1-17% Orthodox...
it is uneasy to determine the exact correlations due that in only 7 years
the religious beliefs have been increased in a
22% net !. Additional data: computing the ISSP'98 about traditional christian
beliefs... well, there is a 22% believing at the
same time in God, life after death, Heaven, Hell and Devil.
- New statistic (WVS 2000): 13% Atheist, 10% Agnostic, 46% Deist, 3% Pseudoatheist;
23% Neodoukhobor; 4% Orthodox;
1% Catholic.
- 8.500.000 inhab.
- Usual statistics: 80% bulgarian orthodox, 13% muslim... but in others:
25.6-26.7% and 6.5-10.6%.
- Data: The 40% of bulgarian women have aborted min. once. Since 1989,
by 9.000.000 inhab., now they are
8.200.000... U. of Mich.: 10% of weekly churchgoers in '91. In a recent
survey, the turkish minority is 1%
christian, 18% atheist, rest muslim. Among the pomaks, 4.5% christians,
31% atheists. In general, the 51%
of the bulgarians believe in some fashion of god (item percentage among
youth); 70% among analphabets,
50% in high scholars, and 40% among universitarys. 60% atheists vote social
democrats, 65% of religious
vote democrat.
- Abortions: 51.3, Ratio 55.2%.
- New statistic: 24% Atheists; 11% Agnostics; 2% Pseudoatheists (ISSP98);
33% deists; 3% New Age;
20-25% Neodoukhobor (see others); Muslims, orthodoxes, catholics, protestants
and jewish believers 5-1%.
- New statistic (WVS 2000): 27.5% Atheists; 9.5% Agnostics; 2% Pseudoatheists;
32% deists; 1% New Age;
20% Neodoukhobor; 3% Muslims, 2% Orthodoxes.
- 10.200.000 inhab.
- Usual statistics ranges: 68-54% Catholic, 25-21.5% Protestant, 1% Jewish.
- Abortions: 34.7, Ratio 42.1%.
- New statistic: 20% Atheist; 16% Agnostic; 4% Pseudoatheist (ISSP98);
15% Deist; 11% Christian Deist; 20%
Neodoukhobor; 14% between neodoukhobor and catholic; where the great majority
is practicing.
- Note: In less than 9 years, the religious groups have been increased
in 7 points, taking it from the deists...
- New statistic (WVS 2000): 27.5% Atheist; 3% Agnostic; 3% Pseudoatheist;
38% Deist; 15% Neodoukhobor;
6% Catholic; 3% Protestant.
- 147.700.000 inhab.
- Usual data: In Time (1996), the affiliation is 71.8% Orthodox, 5.5 Muslim,
1.8% Catholic, 0.7% Protestant, 0.6% Buddhist,
0.3% Jewish, 18.9% without. In The World Christian Encyclopedia (2001,
Oxford University Press) appears: Christians
57.4% (as Orthodox the 49.3%, in the Russian independent churches 5.3%,
as Protestants 1.1%, as Roman Catholics
1.9% and a remainder of the 0.6%); nonreligious 27.5%; Muslims 7.6%; Atheists
5.2%; Ethnoreligionists 0.8%; Jews 0.7%;
Hindus 0.5%; Buddhists 0.4%.
- Data: Seven million in traditional muslim ethnicites (1995). In '98 census
the 8.5% muslim, 1% animist, 0.5% Catholic.
Interesting note: The Kalmucs are the unique Buddhist ethnicity in Europe
(since the XVIII century).
The National Opinion Research Center: Russians declared orthodox 50% (1993),
but many by fashion or nationalism,
item percentage believed in god, 40% believed in the other life (compare
it with the data about Russia reported in
the Genaral Data ), but 8% go
at the church once per month min.
Reported by Tony Carnes (Urban Mission #13): The Russian Center of Public
Opinion Research (VTZIOM) 1993
found: 41% think are orthodoxes, 10% attend the church at least once at
month, 41% believe in Jesus is the
Son of God (38% among the orthodoxes), fewer of the half believe in the
Bible is the God's word. In poll:
What do you believe about your children ? 40% possible future criminal,
28% possible future drug addict, 29%
possible future alcoholic. U. Mich.: 2% weekly, 8% once monthly min. There
are 4.000.000 of children dwelling
on streets. The Center of Sociological Research (Lomonosov Moscow State
Univ.): In 1996, the 43.3% of the
adults define themselves as orthodox, 50.6% as christian, but only 7.1%
attend the church once per month min.
Newspaper Segodnia 22.5.96: An investigation by the Institute of Social
Research about religion deduces that the
49% of Russians believe in god, 6.5% attend the religious services once
per month minimum, 38% believe in the
astrology, and a 20% in reincarnation. By the same newspaper (6.6.96):
Do you consider a believer ? In the
orthodox religion 51%, other christian 1%, the muslim 2%, in another 1%,
6% is a believer but without self adscription,
unbeliever 30%, can't answer 9%. Attend weekly the church the 2%, or monthly
minimum the 7%. In the
review Filosofii no.6 (1997) appears the outcome of an study by the World
Program for the Study of Values'96:
6% is a convinced atheist, 38% believe in a personal god, 20% in the resurrection,
30% in the reincarnation, 41%
in the astrology, and 4% pray regularly. Among the practicings, the
belief in the transmigration covers the 41%.
The review conclude that if someone only takes the traditional orthodox
christianity, with luck, could takes at the
4%, and this percentage is an aged population. Los Angeles Times 15.1.98
(Based in the poll of the Russian Center
for Public Opinion Research): a 46% declare don't be a believer, 45% orthodox
believer, 2% muslim, 1% other religion,
and a 6% can not answer. About god, a 31% ever believed, 13% before was
atheist, 2% now is atheist, and a 26%
never has believed.
In Russian Religion News appears that after survey of June 2003, those
who claimed to be Orthodox was a 56%, those
as atheist were a 32%, as Muslim a 5%. The rest of other groups were inferior
at half point (Buddhists, Protestants, etc.).
The Public Foundation Database at FOM site
has found the next facts: there is one in fourth listening at astrological
predictions and taking them into account [january 2004]. A 58% is self-positioned
as Orthodox, 5% as Muslim, 1% has
other religion, and a 30% is a non-believer [april 2004]. A 41% uses to
pray with more or less frequency [august 2000].
- Abortions: 68.4, or 2.800.000; but many children are donate in orphanages
because of their alcoholic mothers have not
care for them, or because of they have backwardness by the same; 200.000
per year. But these have luck: 4.000.000
are living on the streets, surviving with vodka. Ratio: 62.6%.
- New statistic: 25% Atheist; 17% Agnostic; 13% Deist; 14% Christian
deist; 3% Pseudoatheist; 24% Neodoukhobor;
1% Orthodox; 4% other religions.
- Commentary: Here, after the fall of the communist paradise, there are
8% +/- of new believers.
- New statistic (WVS 2000): 22.5% Atheist; 15% Agnostic; 34% Deist;
1.5% Christian deist; 2.5% Pseudoatheist;
21.5% Neodoukhobor; 1% Orthodox; 1% Muslim.
- 58.300.000 inhab.
- Usual statistics: 76-78% Catholic, 3-6% Muslim, 2% Protestant and 1%
Jewish.
- Data: Survey about the self funeral in 1996 (COFREMCA): 30% without idea
or indecisive (because of their fear,
majority agnostics); 16% traditional funeral, practicings, very aged; 13%
traditionals, practicings, very aged and
rurals; 24% rationalists burners (young and urban); 18% spiritualists (young
and urban, with reincarnation
and pro burning). In total, a favour of their burning, 37%, where 59% are
atheists and 14% practicings (of all,
22.2% and 5.5%). In poll of 1987, 22% believed in reincarnation. Nowadays,
two millions of frenchmen
have a Buddhist adhesion in the census (Express). IFOP '97: Good behavior
of the Church in front of the
preservatives, 25% yes, 69% is wrong; too much conservative the Pope (among
practicings)? 51% yes. Another
survey by the IFOP among the young people: adhesion with "make love, not
the war" 93%, adhesion with
"Neither owner nor god" 39%. In other poll, french people is 11% atheist,
38% agnostic.
Tax of divorces in France: 36%, in Ille-de-France 50%. Poll of 1996; important
decisions only with the personal
conscience 83%; only with the Church postures 7%; both 9%. World Values
Survey of 1991, 21% of weekly
churchgoers, 13% with the religion as important in his/her life. In '92,
the 6.6% of men and the 3.3% of the women had
sexual relations with the same sex once in their lifetime min. A survey
among the catholic practicings shows that the
69% believe that the christianity is pro immigrates, but 13% that it is
compatible christianity and racism; 20%
want that the Church defends the immigrates, 44% only helps them, and 13%
doesn't nothing. In poll '98, the french a
favour of accept legally the couples of fact 76%; item the homosexual couples
68%.
A BVA poll about the spirituality (1999): More close to catholicism 62%,
protestantism 19%, Buddhism 11%,
judaism 8%, islamism 6%. Regular churchgoers, 12%. According to the answers
of the belief about god, 41% about
one and personal, 9% deist, 22% agnostic posture, 26% atheist. Poll about
the death (edited in "Psychologies" of
november '98): After your death, what do you think what will happens to
you ? 35% Nothing , 29% Don't know,
13% a new life, 7% union with god, 5% reincarnation, 3% eternal life, 2%
the soul continues living, 6% other answers.
(more than 100% because there was one or two answers ).
The Sofres' site has the results of the Research International's poll in
april 1999: A 57% of french people considere to
belong to one religion (54 Catholic - 1 Protestant - 1 Muslim - 1 Other),
where the rest, a 43%, hasn't religious
membership.
IFOP poll in april 2004 shows how a 55% believe in a god (44% does not
believe, atheism); other beliefs followed were
telepathy (45%), Jesus Christ (55%), Heaven and Hell (37% both, 92% among
Muslims), in a life after death (29%, 56%
among Muslims), Resurrection (28%), reincarnation (22%, 27% among Muslims).
In June 2003, the same research company
after a poll found that a 86% agrees that homosexuals can inherit from
partner (a 12% did not agree), a 79% agrees that they
could profit of same benefits and obligations as married couples, a 55%
agrees that they can marry, and only a 37% agrees
that they can adopt. If to that it is added that Frenchs are mainly to
illegalize sects and the display of religious symbols in
schools after to declare that they defend liberties... what kind of incongruent
majorities are there ?
Further research on this issue was carried out in march 2004 by IPSOS,
which found striking results: where a 75% think
that homosexuals might have the same rights as heterosexuals (against it
20%), there is a 42% thinking it might be forbidden
that they could express it publicly (as per example kissing in the street),
so that there are a 22% being incongruent/hypocrite
in their statements.
IPSOS (november 1999), the answers about what happens after the death,
is that for a 42% it means the total disaparition,
for a 14% the soul becomes immortal, for a 11% the soul waits for resurrection,
and for a 13% there is a reincarnation (total
thinking in survival of soul = 38%).
- Abortions: 12.4, Ratio 17.7%.
- New
statistic: 19% atheist; 25% agnostic; 10% deist; 5% christian deist; 6%
pseudoatheist; 1% Muslim; 5% New Age;
17% neodoukhobor; 12% catholic, majority churchgoer and of the Christian
Right.
- New
statistic (WVS 2000): 28% atheist; 7% agnostic; 24% deist; 7% pseudoatheist;
4% Muslim; 4% New Age;
14% neodoukhobor; 10% catholic.
- New
statistic 2004: 14% atheist; 25% agnostic; 4% Muslim Deist; 27% Christian
Deist; 6% pseudoatheist; 1% Muslim;
1% pseudo-Sikh; 15.5% neodoukhobor; 5.5% Catholic (!).
- 1.400.000 inhab.
- Statistics: Lutheranism.
- Data: According to the Council of Estonian Churches, in a poll of 1994:
the 8.8% identified as religious, the 51%
is inclined towards the religion, the 31.7% is indifferent, 5.7% preferred
the atheism, and the 1.3% is atheist. In
affiliation: In 1964 it was distributed between a 80% Lutheran and a 11%
catholic; in the poll, 20% lutheran, 1.4%
catholic, 0.8% baptist, 2.1% other. In beliefs, the 33.3% believes in the
horoscope, the 36.6% believes that to pray helps
the surpass of convalescences, the 29.3% in the comer, 14.1% in the contact
with spirits, the 48% in the immortality
of the soul, and a 26% in reincarnation. With religious sympathies: 14%
is sympathetic with the buddhism, and a 8%
with the hinduism.
- New statistic: 38% atheist, 9% agnostic, 28% deist probably, 5% pseudoatheist,
18% New Age or neodoukhobor.
- Note: Traditional religious base, lutheranism; ethnicity ugro-althaic,
no slavic = radical difference respect to Russia.
- Commentary: The imported beliefs from the Orient, covers 1/4 of the population
too; similarly like in Russia or the
rest of Europe, confirming the supposition that in the Eastern Europe the
phenomena of the New Age has had enough
effect too. Equally, like in the near Russia, the New Age movement is expressed
although the TV broadcasts, that
which are since principles of the nineties in fashion.
- New statistic (WVS 2000): 32% atheist, 18% agnostic, 22% deist, 7% pseudoatheist,
4% New Age, 15% neodoukhobor.
- 10.300.000 inhab.
- Usual statistics: Without confession 40-45%, catholics 39-30%, protestants
2-4.5-23%, orthodox 3%,others
13.5-19%.
- Data: In 1998, in the most recent census, 57% declare to be atheist,
and 43% religious. No affiliates, 16.2%. The
University of Michigan says that in 1991, the 14% attended weekly the church.
In the ISSP'94, the adscription was
a 33.5% catholic, 3.5% protestant, 2.5% hussite, and 60% none.
- Abortions: 20.7, Ratio 34%.
- New statistic: 25% atheist; 15% agnostic; 5% Pseudoatheist (ISSP98);
12% deist; 6% New Age; 1% other religions;
30-18% Neodoukhobor (see Russia); 12-1% catholic...
- Note: In five years, the religious groups are with 20 points more !
- New statistic (WVS 2000): 42% atheist; 14% agnostic; 10% Pseudoatheist;
14% deist; 9% Neodoukhobor; 10% Catholic.
- 10.600.000 inhab.
- Usual statistics ranges: Serbian orthodox 44-65%, Catholicism 4-31%,
islamism 12-19%, Protestant 1%.
- Data: Self identification '91: 1.9% atheist, 80% orthodox, 5.4% muslim,
1% protestant, 6% catholic, 5.3%
unknown. Self identification in the last census: 32% no religious, 1% against
the religion, 26% no decided,
41% religious. U. Mich.: 7% weekly, 15% one time per month minimum.
- Abortions: 54.6, Ratio 45.8%.
Data for your information: The hearth of a fetus is already beating at
18 days. At 6 weeks already has bioelectrical
activity (neuronal). At 9 already can feel pain. And at 6 months has dreams...
I have not words for this massacre.
- New statistic: 25% Atheist; 12% Agnostic; 41% Deist; 1% New Age; 2% Pseudoatheist;
14% Neodoukhobor
(estimated); 5% Orthodox.
- New statistic for Serbia (WVS 2000): 15% Atheist; 9.5% Agnostic; 55%
Deist; 5% New Age; 1% Pseudoatheist;
13% Neodoukhobor (regional mean; 2% Muslim.
- New statistic for Montenegro (WVS 2000): 14% Atheist; 15% Agnostic; 54%
Deist; 1% New Age; 2% Pseudoatheist;
14% Neodoukhobor (regional mean); 1% Muslim.
CONCLUSIONS -
Secularization: Ended... or Stopped ?
If we compare the results of surveys in 1991 with those of 1997-98, we
can see that the "religious fall" has been stopped
and even reversed, above all in many Eastern countries, and in these, the
believers' numbers increase spectacularly, but it
is necessary to say that many are converted not in Christianity but New
Age or somewhat difficult to describe.
Other most recent evolutions that can be seen with the World Values Survey
2000 are the flux from atheism, agnosticism,
Christian deism and neodukhoborism to simple deism which seems that will
be the future "religion" of Europe; also
atheism is attracting many deists, agnostics and neodukhobors.
Nowadays
The religious outlook in Europe is as follows: The "hard" atheism, those
that have conscience to be atheist and respond so,
really is small ( less than 10% ) except in some countries. Generally,
the believers in a god and in another life, whatever
variety, are around a 50-45%; and this is the same percentage that believes
in an inspired Bible; otherwise, this Christianity
could be divided in heterodox and orthodox with equal portions. Exceptions
of these rules are excomunist countries ( Russia,
Bulgaria, Czech Republic ) and nordics ( Sweden and Denmark ) in the no
religious side, and those traditionals countries as
Ireland, Poland, Portugal, Italy, Cyprus in the religious side.
And the future ?
About the future (taking in account the group of age between 17 - 19 years
old), the responses on Christian beliefs together as
the Bible, another life and god, doesn't vary much from the national averages,
at least in: Hungary, Italy, Czech Republic,
Poland, Romania, Spain, Denmark, Russia, Slovakia, France and Switzerland...
But in the other hand, we have countries that
will lose its Christian heritage: p.e. believing in Bible in United Kingdom
(12%), Sweden (8%) and Germany (29%). Although
it must be ascertained that "faith" among young people isn't ever Christian,
many believe in another life or a g